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Jensen C Nicole D =Cheek Cell Lab= > **The five elements that make up DNA are carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphorus.** > ** The function of DNA from day to day is to be the blueprint of the cell. It contains genetic and biological instructions that control and determine the day-to-day function of cells. It determines how the cell runs, reproduces, and builds and repairs itself. ** > **Long strands of DNA fit into the nucleus of a check cell by DNA packaging, which DNA is tightly packed into structures called chromosomes. (x shape)** > **The purpose of the cell lysis solution was to let the DNA out of the cell and into the solution. The solution dissolved the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane. When the membranes were degraded, the cell contents flowed out. One of these contents was DNA.** > **DNA becomes visible after the alcohol is added because it is precipitated by the ionic solution.** > **We are able to see the thin strands of DNA in this lab exercise because we are releasing DNA from a number of cells when the cell lysis solution is added. Lots of DNA from open, broken cells combine with DNA from other cells making enough DNA to become visible to the human eye.** > **DNA is referred to your genetic fingerprint because genes are like your fingerprint; they are both different from anyone else and you have your own specific one.** > **DNA is used everyday in many different ways. It is used in criminal justice in seeing how was the scene of the crime and who committed the crime. It is used by scientists trying to find new cures for diseases. It is used by doctors to determine if certain people have certain diseases based on their genes. DNA is used in agriculture for selective breeding.** >
 * 1) What are the 5 elements that make up DNA?
 * 1) What is the function of DNA from day to day?
 * 1) Describe how long strands of double-helical DNA fit into the nucleus of a single cheek cell.
 * 1) What was the purpose of using the cell lysis solution?
 * 1) Why does the DNA become visible once the alcohol is added?
 * 1) If DNA is so thin, how is it that we are able to see it during this simple lab exercise?
 * 1) Why is DNA referred to as your genetic fingerprint?
 * 1) Give some examples of how DNA is used everyday.

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=Genetics Infographic= Cited Sources: [] yellow tape [] large eye [] red head [] blue eye [] brown eye [] speckled chicken [] white chicken [] black chicken [] red flower [] white flower [] pink flower [] jeans [] bathroom sign [] dog



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flat =Diaper Dissection= Did you know that baby diapers are extremely absorbable? Well after this lab experiment, you will definitely know and why! We tested how much water a diaper could absorb and each of the layers. We thought that the baby diaper wouldn’t hold much water, but we were proven wrong. We also predicted that the thick, cotton layers would absorb the best, and as you will see, we were correct on this. Our experiment stated 2 inch by 2 in piece of diaper. After that, we examined each layer. There were about 3 layers in the diaper, but the middle layer contained many layers of cotton that were hard to divide, so we separated that middle into two. The top layer, which the liquid would hit first, was a thin, soft, fabric. The middle layer, which we divided into two, were a fuzzy, thick, and cotton that contained sand like particles, which expanded when contacted with water throughout the experiment. The bottom, outside layer, which would be the last to get liquid, was a rough, hard, paper-like material.

We took each layer apart to see which layer held the most water. We put 1 millimeter of water on each of the four layers. We discovered that the first layer leaked through easily, leaving a puddle underneath 4 cm long. The second layer, the first of the cotton layers, absorbed all of the 1 mL of water, and no leak was produced underneath. The third layer, the second layer of cotton, also absorbed all of the water and had no leak. The last layer, the bottom layer, first held the water on top for a few moments, then absorbed, leaving no leak but did leave a gel-like substance on top. In conclusion, the thick, cotton layers and the bottom layer held the water the best. Next, we experimented on how much millimeters all of the layers could absorb in a 2 inch by 2 inch diaper square. We added one millimeter to begin, and after 5 mL, you couldn’t feel any wetness. After 10 mL more was added, the top layer started to feel a little wet and we noticed the diaper starting to expand. After 10 mL more, the middle of the diaper expanded greatly, making the diaper look very thick. The cotton was starting to turn into a gel like substance, which proved us wrong because we thought it was the bottom layer that turned into gel when we started this experiment. After 20 mL more, the water started to sit on top for a few seconds then slowly be absorbed. We ended our experiment at 50 mL, with the top of diaper completely soaked and starting to feel it becoming damp on the bottom. In conclusion, this proves that diapers absorb liquid extremely well!

In relation to the environment and landfills, we read that diapers take up a lot of the trash in our nation’s landfills. 20 billion disposable diapers are dumped in landfills each year and more than 200,000 trees are lost each year to the manufactures of baby diapers in just the United States. Also, it takes 3.4 billion gallons of fuel oil to make diapers. They take about 500 years to decompose. Another concern that is said is that viruses from a baby diaper could end up leaking into a local water supply and harming a town. Our observations showed how hard it was for the water to leak through the diaper. This shows that a diaper is hard to break down, causing it to take up space in landfills for long periods of time.

So know, you do know all about diapers and how they absorb! Thus, diapers can hold a lot of water and take up space large amounts of space in landfills because they are hard to break down.

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