Medicine+dolphins

Members Colton S. CJ S. Austin M. Nick S.

=Classification of a woody stem:= 1.) We've determined the age of the stem to be 3. 2.) The rate of growth has been about the same each year. 3.) The distance from one bud scale is about the same distance from all the others. 4.)There are 2 leaf scars located at each node. 16 scars on the entire twig. 5.) The buds have an opposite arrangement. 6.) About 3 nodes each season. 7.) No, In one season there was 4 node growths. 8.) Yes. 9.) The lenticels are scattered across the twig. 10.) The function of the lenticels is to release gas through the openings. =Thumb Wars Info Graphic.= =Monocot & Dicot Lab=

=test tube lab=

First observation Flasks all remain still, No changes. Bromothyl Blue remains blue Second observation Flask A's bromythymol blue tube changed to a dark bluish green Flask B's bromythymol blue stayed a dark blue, and never changed Flask C's Bromythymol blue tube turned yellow because the yeast gave off Carbon Dioxide Third observation After 24 hours, All flasks have filled from growing of yeast and molasses.

=Budding Process=

> 2. What does the production of carbon dioxide gas in the one flask indicate about the yeast? > 3. How can you **be sure** that the carbon dioxide gas was produced by the yeast? 4. What does the presence of buds indicate about the yeast**?** 5. Why were more buds present in one of the mixtures**?** =Protist Lab= >
 * Analysis/Conclusions: **
 * 1) Why did the bromothymol blue change colors when a classmate exhaled into the test tube?
 * 1) **Because you are adding C02 into the H20 creating carbonic acid.**
 * 2) **That the yeast is living.**
 * 3) **Because, it was not there before the yeast was.**
 * 4) **It indicates that the yeast is still growing, and fermentation is still happening.**
 * 5) =[[image:onion_cell.png]][[image:onion_cell_info.png]]=
 * 6) =Cell Transport Lab=
 * 7) [[image:Screen_shot_2011-10-27_at_2.47.17_PM.png]]
 * 8) =Cell Model=
 * 9) [[image:Screen_shot_2011-11-01_at_9.36.02_AM.png]]
 * 1) [[image:Hydra.png]]
 * 2) Hydra- It's a fresh water organism, it also doesn't seem to age or die from age, Hydras are predatory animals belonging to the phylum Cnidarian and the class Hydroza. (Hydrozoa are a taxonomix class of very small, predatory animals which can be solitary or colonial)
 * 3) -http://www.biologycorner.com/worksheets/articles/hydra.html
 * 4) [[image:Paremecium.png]]
 * 5) Paramecium- Is a uni-cellular organism which also feeds on bacteria, Simple cilia cover the body, which is what allows the cell to move in a synchronous. (Synchronous-Existing or occuring at the same time)
 * 6) -http://www.bio.umass.edu/biology/conn.river/parameci.html
 * 1) [[image:spirtostomum.png]]
 * 2) Spirosomum- They live in saltwater and freshwater and they are also very flexible, can grow up to 4 mm.
 * 3) -http://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/indexmag.html?http://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/artoct98/spiro.html Cell Size Lab



Analysis:

1. Compare and contrast the three cubes after they were sliced in half.

2. Which "cell" seemed to be most and least efficient at getting outside substances into the cell? Explain.

3. Which of your calculations seems to explain what you observed in your cell models? Why do you think so?

4. Speculate on a relationship between cell size and efficiency. Your statement should resemble a hypothesis. (Remember: Use an If....., then..... statement.)

Analysis Answers:


 * 1) A comparison is that the distance of the diffusion between the three cubes was that they all diffused at the same rate. The smallest of the three cubes completely purple and the biggest of the three still had areas white in the center. Another comparison is that the **rate of diffusion** was the same for all three cubes.
 * 2) The smallest cell seemed to be the most efficient in the diffusion getting to the middle of the cube because it completely turned purple. The least efficient cube was the 3x3x3 because there was still areas of white in the middle of the cell.
 * 3) The Surface Area to Volume Ratio because the 2:1 ratio to the 6:1 ratio was that the surface area with the 6:1 ratio happened to the volume more efficiently then the 2:1 ratio. If there’s more surface area it allows more sodium hydroxide to enter the cell.
 * 4) If you have a smaller cell it will have higher efficiency of diffusion then the larger cell
 * Analysis ** : Food Lab

Look at the following data from the lab:

[] You can download this as an excel file or go to file --> make a copy to put in your google docs.

On your individual page, answer the following in a paragraph:
 * Discuss the food you tested and the results from each of the 4 tests. Also discuss one other food that your group tested and those results. **The apple that I tested was only positive in sugar and protein. The rest was negative. For Austin Avocodo it was positive in all of the tests.**
 * Identify the biomolecules (simple sugar, starch, fat, protein) found in each of the foods or you can lump the foods into types of foods and discuss the biomolecules found in those categories of foods (look at all the results from the classes)**Well they are both fruits.**
 * Compare the biomolecules found in the different foods. You can make a chart or graph to show your data OR discuss the data in some way in your paragraph. **Usually proteins and sugars are found in fruits and vegetables.**
 * What biomolecules found in the foods were surprising to you? **Yes, when I saw that there was sugar found in liver**. Why? **I thought that it was a bitter type of food, and wouldn’t expect it in there**.What biomolecules did you expect to see in some of the foods that you did not find?**I expected to see starch in liver**. Why did you think they would be there? I **thought starch was bitter.**
 * Research the nutritional information about some of the foods. Based upon your research, which tests should have been positive instead of negative.

=Catalyse Activity=
 * [[image:Screen_shot_2011-12-01_at_9.56.31_AM.png]]

-The equation for the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide is 2 H2O2 --> 2 H2O + O2.
 * 1) Write the equation for the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide.

2. What large group of biomolecules (carbohydrate, lipid, or protein) does catalase belong to? What do members of this group have in common?

-Catalase belongs to the protein group and the members of this group are all polymers.

3. Is it possible to reuse biomolecules like catalase? Explain.

-Yes its possible to reuse biomolecules like catalase because catalase is the substance that breaks up other things, since itself cannot be changed or broken down it can be used to break down other substances.

4. How did the amount of reaction change between room temperature, warm, and cold hydrogen peroxide?

-The reaction change stayed about the same between the room temperature and the cold experiments. The numbers lowered when we put it in warm hydrogen peroxide. (All other than the reaction number of liver.)

5. What happens to an organism if biomolecules like catalase become useless? Explain

-Organisms wont be broken down so there would just be dead organisms that we cant get rid of.

**How many water drops fit on a penny?** hypothesis: More water drops fit on the penny with tap water because it forms a dome like structure and holds more water on, the soapy water didn't hold as much drops because it did not make a dome like structure like the tap water. The tap water held more because of surface tension bonding the water together, whereas the soapy water which had less surface tension did not hold together as well.

Tap water- 37,38,40,40 Drops of water Soapy water- 15, 19, 23,17 Drops of soapy water

Soapy Water with 17 Drops of water

Tap Water with 37 Drops of Water

=Light intensity activity= (Each test was tested for 25 seconds) We learned from this that the higher the light intensity is, the faster the rate of photosynthesis occurs. The highest amount of ATP we got (in 25 seconds) was 65% of the maximal. Which created 3 ATP. We also realized that if there is not any light, then there wont be any ATP created.

=Chromatography Lab= Left one: the RF is .56 and 1. Right one: the RF is .571 and 1.