Team+Anna

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flat =Members= Alyssa R. Shaina P. Anna H. Dakotah B.

=Thumb Wrestling Infographic=

=Twig Lab= 10.They are an old air passage way.
 * 1) One twig was 13 years old and the other was 5 years old.
 * 2) No.
 * No, because it would depend on the amount of rain and sunshine that the twigs tree would receive.
 * 1) 2 for both.
 * 2) One was opposite and the other was alternative.
 * 3) One has 5 and the other has 7.
 * 4) No for both twigs.
 * 5) Yes, yes for one twig and no, no for the other.
 * 6) They cover the whole twig.

=Monocot and Dicot Lab=

Can you find the young leaves inside the seed? How many are there? Which part of the seed do you think is the seed coat? -Yes there is one leaf in the corn seed. We think the outer layer is the seed coat and it was a dicot.
 * Corn Seed**

Try to open another corn seed like you did the bean seed. Can you do it? Why or why not? - No you couldn't open the corn seed the same as the bean seed. We couldn't because you could just rip the bean open and not the corn. It was a dicot.
 * Bean Seed**



The split pea seed is a dicot because it has two embryonic leaves or cotyedons.
 * Split Pea Seed**

Monocot Dicot

The difference between a monocot and dicot stem is a monocots is usually unbranched and fleshy. Also it has vascular bundles scattered in the stem. A dicot is usually tough and the vascular bundles in a ring.

The function of the pith is it is a soft or spongy tissue in the plant. The function of the phloem is it is a vascular tissue in the plant that conducts sugar and glucose that travels downward from the leaves. The function of the xylem is it is a vascular tissue in the plants that conducts water and dissolves nutrients upward from the roots. The function of the cortex is it is the outer layer of the cerebrum composed of folded gray matter and playing an important role in consciousness. The function of the epidermis is it is the outer layer of the cells it is the protector.

The difference between a woody stem and a herbaceous plant is herbaceous stems are less sturdy than woody stems and woody plants remain alive during winter.

__**Herbaceous Examples**__ - Rose -Willows - Lilies - Kochia __**Woody Stems**__ - Bamboo Tree - Palm Tree -Oak -Maple
 * Monocot**
 * Dicot**
 * Monocot**
 * Dicot**

A difference between an herbaceous and a woody stem is a woody stems are more sturdy then herbaceous stems. Although woody stem plants remain alive during winter, herbaceous plants die at the end of the growing season. Herbaceous stems are usually green, while woody stems are covered in bark.

=Living and Nonliving Lab= - Flask A is white and the yeast is floating at the top of the flask. - Flask B is a dark brown and is really thick. - Flask C is a lighter brown and the yeast is floating at the top also.

- Flask A is still white and the yeast is still at the top. - Flask B is still dark brown and does not contain any yeast**.** - Flask C is light brown and the yeast is still floating at the top. - In flask C a chemical reaction occurred though and the test tube turned to a greenish color. - The flask C changed because it was mixed with carbon dioxide yeast and molasses.
 * 30 minutes later**
 * -** There was no change in the test tubes of flask A and B.

- We see that there is budding occurring in the picture.

Analysis/Conclusions:
1. Why did the bromothymol change colors when a classmate exhaled into the test tube? -It changed colors because you breathed carbon dioxide into the tube and it is acidic which changed the color. 2. What does the production of carbon dioxide gas in the one flask indicate about the yeast? - It indicates that the yeast had a reaction with the carbon dioxide. 3. How can you **be sure** that the carbon dioxide gas was produced by the yeast? - You can be sure that the carbon dioxide was produced by the yeast because the test tube changed colors. 4. What does the presence of buds indicate about the yeast? - The presence of buds indicates that the yeast is still alive and reproducing. 5. Why were more buds present in one of the mixtures? - There was more buds present in one of the mixtures because there was molasses in one which is a sugar that the yeast could feed off of to reproduce

=Onion Cell= This is a picture of an onion cell with salt solution added to it.

1. The shape of the cells were rectangular and they are arranged in a line. 2. The cell wall stays the same but everything else shrinks. 3. The size of a cell is 300 um and there is about 5 cells in the field of view. .

=Cheek Cell= 1. This is a cheek cell it is found in the mouth. 2. Each cell is 75 um. 3. There are about 5 cells in the field of view.

1. The purpose of the iodine or methylene blue is an indicator and it makes the cells more visible. 2.The shape of the cheek cells are round and they are scattered everywhere.

=Cell Transport=
 * Before Picture**
 * After Picture**

Diffusion The bag has lower concentration then the beaker, which causes the starch to move from the beaker to the bag. The bag would be hypotonic and the beaker would be hypertonic.

Osmosis Both beaker 1 and 2 are using osmosis. The potato in beaker 2 absorbs the salt solution from the beaker. The potato in beaker 1 absorbs the water out of the beaker. The potato has higher concentration than the beaker, that is why the potato absorbs the water and salt solution.

=Cell Model= Plant Cell =Protist= Stentor Stentors are sometimes called trumpet animalcules. They are filter feeders stentor and are in most cases horn shaped

Size: they can reach sizes up to two millimeters long making them 750um in 10x.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stentor_%28protozoa%29 Euglena [] They are green because they have chloroplast. They make their own food. They look for sunlight. Size- They can have 6 fit across the field of view in 10x and the size would be 250um.

Paramecium Multimicronucleatum Paramecium are unicellular. They are capable for both sexual and asexual reproduction. They feed on yeast and algae.

[]

=Cell Size Lab=

After being in the phenolphthalein.

Big SA- 54 V-27 54:27 2:1 Medium SA- 24 V-8 24:8 8:3 Little SA- 6 V- 1 6:1

Rate: big- 10/.3= 33.3 medium- 10/.3=33.3 little-10/.2=50


 * Cube size || Area of cube || Volume of cube || Surface Area to Volume Ratio || Distance of Diffusion || Rate of Diffusion ||
 * 3x3x3 cm || 9 cm || 27 cm3 || 2:1 || .3 cm || 33.3 ||
 * 2x2x2 cm || 4 cm || 8 cm3 || 3:1 || .3 cm || 33.3 ||
 * 1x1x1 cm || 1 cm || 1 cm3 || 6:1 || .2 cm || 50 ||


 * 1) After they were sliced in half the bigger one was darker than the other two. The smaller one has more white around the edges because it didn’t have as much space to absorb the salt solution.
 * 2) The smaller would be the most efficient because it absorbed quicker and didn’t have much space. It would be the least efficient because it couldn’t absorb as much as the bigger ones.
 * 3) The ratio would be the calculation that seems to explain what we observed because it explains that in every 2 cm there is 1 cm3 for the big cube. The 2:1 ratio is the two spots on the outside fed 1 volume spot on the inside and for the 6:1 ratio 6 spots feed 1 volume spot on the inside. For the big cube there is 1 cm3 of salt solution for every 2 cm of the cube and for the little cube there is 1 cm3 of salt solution for every 6 cm of the cube. The 6:1 ratio is receiving 3 times more than the 2:1 ratio cube because, in comparison, for every 1 person inside the cell receives 2 apples from 2 people outside the cell.
 * 4) If the smaller cell is more efficient that the bigger cell then it will more then likely absorb less than the bigger cell.

=Catalysts Activity=





Temperature || Cold Temperature || Hot Temperature ||
 * Food || Room
 * Bean || 2 || 1 || 1 ||
 * Potato || 3 || 1 || 1 ||
 * Ground Beef || 2 || 1 || 3 ||
 * Liver || 4 || 5 || 5 ||

2 H2O2--> 2 H2O + O2
 * 1) Write the equation for the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide.

The large group of biomolecule that catalase belongs to is the protein. Members of this group all have proteins in them that they are made of.
 * 1) What large group of biomolecules (carbohydrate, lipid, or protein) does catalase belong to? What do members of this group have in common?

Yes it is possible to reuse biomolecules like catalse because they are always working and there is always stuff that needs to go faster.
 * 1) Is it possible to reuse biomolecules like catalase? Explain.

The amount of reaction did not change much between the temperatures of the hydrogen peroxide when it did it either up one or at the most it went up two.
 * 1) How did the amount of reaction change between room temperature, warm, and cold hydrogen peroxide?

If the catalase becomes useless in the biomolecules the reactions will occur slower because catalase speeds the reactions.
 * 1) What happens to an organism if biomolecules like catalase become useless? Explain

=How many drops of water can fit on a penny?= Plain water: Our prediction was 20 drop of water. Our average amount of drops was 19. Our observations were the water already on the penny would rise as the water we put on the penny increased. Soapy water: Our prediction was 28 drop of water. Our average amount of drops was 25. Our observations were the water would spread out, stay flat and it didn't rise.

=Light Intensity Activity= == The most ATP was produced when the wavelength was at 650nm. We found from our results that when the light was higher and then the wavelength that more of a maximum ATP was produced.

160 was the highest for the light and 650nm was the highest for the wavelength for our data result. We thought that 200 in light intensity and 400nm in wavelength would be the highest, but when we continued to do it to see if it could go higher we found that it made 100% with 200 in the light intensity and 425nm in the wavelength.

=Chromatography Lab= Leaf Pigment on the Paper

Data Yellow-3.1cm/6.2cm=.5 Green- 6.2cm/6.2cm=1

Yellow RF=.5 Green RF=1

Leaf Pigment on the Paper

Data Yellow-3.6cm/4.5cm=.8 Yellow Green- 4.2cm/4.5cm=.93 Green- 4.5cm/4.5cm=1

Yellow RF=.8 Yellow Green=.93 Green=1

Compare with other groups Team One-Boy The solvent was 7.5cm and the RF of the yellow was 0.85 and the green was 1 Team Earl The solvent moved 6.8cm and the RF of the green was 0.5

Lab Report Our results showed that the green pigment was the lightest pigment because it carried the farthest on the paper. The yellow pigment was the heaviest because it traveled the shortest distance from the 2cm line. Another group pigment colors showed pink and purple instead of the yellow and green color. Also another groups results showed a yellow/orange pigment color instead of the green/yellow pigment color. Not all of the leaves had the same type of chlorophyll because of the variety of colors such as purple/pink, green/yellow, and orange/yellow color. If the leaves had the same chlorophyll they would all have the same pigment color and RF value, since they did not it shows that all the leaves were different from each other.