Eric+n+Rube

flat =Members= Ruben Taylor Eric Ingros

=DNA extraction from cheek cell= =DNA Replication =
 * 1) What are the 5 elements that make up DNA? **The five elements that make up DNA are** **Nitrogen, Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen, Phosphorus**
 * 2) What is the function of DNA from day to day? **The function of DNA from day to day is to store and transmit genetic information that tells cells what to do.**
 * 3) Describe how long strands of double-helical DNA fit into the nucleus of a single cheek cell. **Long strands of double-helical DNA fit into the nucleus of a single cheek cell because they wrap around proteins called histones.**
 * 4) What was the purpose of using the cell lysis solution? **The purpose of using the cell lysis solution was to allow the DNA to expand and be free.**
 * 5) Why does the DNA become visible once the alcohol is added? **DNA becomes visible once the alcohol is added because it doesn’t mix well in water and in Gatorade/Alcohol solution it will become more visible.**
 * 6) If DNA is so thin, how is it that we are able to see it during this simple lab exercise? **We are able to see DNA because** **It clumps together and gets mixed with the solvent.**
 * 7) Why is DNA referred to as your genetic fingerprint? **DNA is referred to as your genetic fingerprint because it is your own unique blueprint of life.**
 * 8) Give some examples of how DNA is used everyday. **DNA is used everyday in Law Enforcement, Hospitals, and In Laboratories. In law enforcement, police use it to identify a criminal or see if it matches a crime scene clue. In hospitals it is used during just about every surgical procedure. In laboratories it is used to mix and experiment with for new cures to diseases.[[image:EnRdnaphoto.jpg]]**
 * First**, an enzyme called Helicase breaks the hydrogen bonds apart. These bonds hold the nitrogen bases together in a strand of DNA. **Second,** single stranded binding proteins grab on to the split strands and keep them from coming back together. **Third,** A molecule called Primase latches on to a strand and gives replication a starting point. The top strand of the split DNA is called the leading strand and the bottom strand of the split DNA is called the lagging strand. **Fourth**, an enzyme called Polymerase binds and replicates the DNA. As more bonds break, Primase and polymerase move up the strand and continue to create more DNA. Think of it as when you fold an eraser sideways, it splits and continues in a line. However, only fragments are made in a time period, the fragments are called Okazaki fragments. Then an enzyme called Ligase brings together the Okazaki fragments into a long continuous strand of DNA.

=Genetics Infographic=

=Genetics Vocab Infograph=

=Diaper Disection= Layer 1: Water slides off Layer 2: Absorbs lots of moisture Layer 3: The beads expand in water and absorb Layer 4: Water and other moisture run off Layer 1: water runs off Layer 2: absorbs water and water spreads out Layer 3: Absorbs a lot of water and disintegrates after maximum moisture level reached Layer 4: Absorbs little water and most runs off Diapers also take a lot of room in landfills and get bigger when rain hits them or they get moisture from another source. An estimated 18 billion single-use diapers are thrown in landfills each year! These diapers add up to 82,000 tons of plastic and 1.3 million tons of wood pulp. It is illegal to dump human waste into landfills in some states aswell. When making diapers in factories, many harmful emissions are let into the air. Beads in diaper look like snow and feel like snow too Beads get 3-4 times bigger when moisturized The bead layer is in the middle so that the beads and other material don't touch the baby and get on his/her skin
 * Our predictions went as follows:**
 * Actual Results:**
 * Did you know?** Every child adds about 6500 diapers to our landfills and they take around 500 years to decompose
 * Other observations:**