Janell

flat =About me:= Hi I'm Janell. I'm graduating in 2015. I love gymnastics, its a big part of my life. My gym is like my second home. I have been doing gymnastics for as long as I can remember. I love dancing for fun. I also do track and field. My favorite subjects in school are health, spanish and gym I love health and want to go to college for something in that field like a gym/health teacher at IUP.. I am a sprinter in track and field. I am in love with Harry Potter (I am a Potterhead.) I love hanging out with my friends, doing gymnastics, and spending time with my family.

=Live Oak= My trees name is Live Oak, but its scientific name is //Quercus virginiana//. My tree is related to many trees, some examples that it is related to are: Arizona White Oak, Sand Live Oak, Holm Oak, Dwarf Live Oak and Mexican Blue Oak. My tree is Deciduous, that means its margin is smooth, it is simple, and the leaves are alternative. There are many interesting facts about this tree, although I can't tell you them all here are a few: The tree was used to make navy ships for the navy in Colonial days. The wood is one of the Heaviest of any North American tree, and the Live Oak weights over 55 pounds per cubic foot when air-dried. The Live oak has many uses including Landscaping, Medicinal, Culinary and shipbuilding.



=White Cedar= White Cedar's name is Thuja occidentalis. White Cedar is used for rustic fencing,and poles, lumber poles, shingles of log cabins,and it is also used to build canoes. My tree is Coniferous this means my tree is its a pine, and it usually has 8 seeds per bundle. Three instrenting fact are: the oil in the plant is used for hair products, cleaning products and disinfectant, the oldest tree is 1,100 years, old and the branches of the tree may take root of the tree falls. Some trees it is related to is the Western Red Cedar, and the Atlantic White Cedar.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_Cedar



=Food Lab Analysis=

1. The food I tested was Potato. First off, we had to test for simple sugars. To test, we got a dropper full of the food, and put it in a test tube. The we had to add a drop of Benedicts’s solution. After we did that, we had to put the test tube in a heated beaker for 3 to 5 minutes. Once we took it out, we had to see if it changed colors. If it went from a blue/green to a yellow/orange/red color, there were simple sugars present. If not, there weren't any sugars present. The Potato didn't change colors, there fore the results of the test was that **the potato didn't have any simple sugars in it.** - Next we had to test for starch. Again we put a dropper of the food in a beaker, but this time we added a drop of iodine. If there was a black clump at the bottom, then it was starch. If no black clump it isn't starch. The potato had a black clump in the bottom of the test tube, so yes **the potato was starch.** - Finally we had to test for protein. We put food in the beaker and added Biure to it. If it had a marble it look then it has fats and oils in it. T**he** - We put a drop of the food in the beaker and added 5 drops of Sudan IV. If it does have a dark red color, then it has protein. If not, then it doesn't have protein. **The potato has fats and oils in it.**
 * -** After that, we had to test for Proteins. **The Potato has protein in it.**

Part B
 * -** our group tested spinach. We found that after the results that nothing is present.

2.

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. I was suprised to see that potatos had sugar in they because i always thought they were just a starchy food. I was expecting to see protein in spinach because, i always thought there was protein in it. I always though that it had protein because of Popi the sailor man. He always ate spinach and it gave him big muscles. But, after concluding my tests and look at everybody's tests, i knew i was wrong and so was Popi. I thought they would be there because i always thought that spinach was high in protein.

. For my research, i looked up potato and egg whites. I learned that both of them have sugars present. But, as the chart shows, none have a number in the positive for sugars column.

=Food Issues Infographic=



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=Photosynthesis Infographic=

=Cheek Cell Lab Question=

1. Did everyone in your group have about the same extraction results? Why is this the case? How is the amount of DNA that you extracted affected by your day to day activities?

Everyone in our group didn’t have the same results. I have braces, so that made my results a little different. Being that I have braces my cheek cells are always being taken away because the metal cuts my mouth. Although I had the most results in our group, the others had gum in. Gum also gets rid of cheek cells because the gum gets rid of them, and you could also bite your cheek sometimes when you are chewing it. It is affected by our day to day activity because if you eat then you would produce more saliva, so you would have gotten more DNA, that if you didn’t eat. = DNA Replication Summary =

The fist thing you need to know is that our base pairs, go like this: Adenine and Guanine make purine (purine has two rings), and Thyme and Cytosine make pyrimidine (which has one ring). In order to start our replication process, we have to break apart the DNA using Helicase. Helicase is an enzyme that breaks apart DNA**.** So that means the first step in the process is breaking the hydrogen bonds (bonds that hold the DNA together) apart using Helicase.Now that we have the DNA and its bonds broken apart something has to go there to keep them from going together. We put what is called a Single Strand Binding Protein in place. A Single Strand Binding Protein keeps the DNA from going back together, which leads us to step number 2: Attach a Single Strand Binding Protein to keep the DNA from going back together.Step 3, is when primase attaches to give the replication a starting point.Our last step is number 4: polyermase binds and begins to replicate DNA. Polymase is an enzyme that replicates DNA.

So know that we know all of that, here is some more useful information. When the DNA is broken, its broken into 2 strands that are called the leading strand and the lagging strand. The leading strand always goes first when being replicated. It also goes a different way than the lagging strand when its being replicated. Now, without further introduction here is the Replication of the Lagging Strand.

Now when lagging DNA is being replicated, the polyemase comes along and makes little strands of DNA all along the lagging strand. After it has gotten to the end it goes back to the beginning and does the whole process over again. So, remember those little pieces of DNA that the polymase makes, well those are actually called Okazaki Fragments. DNA needs the fragments because it will make the lagging strand open up to get replicated. Then, we add this thing called Liqose. Liqose is what binds those little fragments together. And the whole process starts again!

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=Digestive Diseases Info graphic=