Zallie

flat =Members= Zach M Allie F

=DNA Lab= >> >>
 * 1) What are the 5 elements that make up DNA?
 * 2) ** The five elements that make up DNA are Carbon, Hydrogen, Phosphorus, Oxygen, Nitrogen. **
 * 3) What is the function of DNA from day to day?
 * 4) ** The function of DNA from day to day is that it stores and transmits the genetic information that tells cells which proteins to make and when to make them. **
 * 5) Describe how long strands of double-helical DNA fit into the nucleus of a single cheek cell.
 * 6) ** DNA is wrapped around proteins, folded back onto itself, and coiled into a compact chromosome **
 * 7) What was the purpose of using the cell lysis solution?
 * 8) ** The solution will dissolve the membrane of the cells because the cell and nuclear membrane are composed of fats and proteins. The dissolving of the membrane results in the release of the DNA. **
 * 9) Why does the DNA become visible once the alcohol is added?
 * 10) ** DNA is insoluble in the cold alcohol solution and percipitate out of the solution **
 * 11) If DNA is so thin, how is it that we are able to see it during this simple lab exercise?
 * 12) ** We are able to see it because once it is released, the DNA from the broken open cells intertwines with DNA released from other cells. This eventually becomes invisible to the eye due to it all intertwining. We can see the DNA in our test tubes because of this process. **
 * 13) Why is DNA referred to as your genetic fingerprint?
 * 14) ** DNA is referred to as your genetic fingerprint because your DNA is like your blueprint, and your fingerprint is how you are identified like your blueprint. **
 * 15) Give some examples of how DNA is used everyday.
 * 16) ** DNA is used everyday in investigating crime scenes, carrying genetics information for all organisms, and paternity suits. **

=DNA Replication =



=Transcription/Translation Flipbook= media type="custom" key="12653122"

Summary

The process of Transcription takes place in the nucleus of the cell. Here is where RNA Polymerase attaches to the DNA strand, unraveling it. This does not happen before the promoter region signals to the Polymerase which protein is needed. RNA Polymerase then begins to create the mRNA strand once it hits the “start” codon (AUG),the area that it reads is the coding region. Eventually it comes to the “stop/end” codon, here the mRNA strand folds back onto itself and both the strand and Polymerase fall off the DNA. The mRNA strand must then breach the nucleus through a nuclear pore into the cytoplasm where Translation can occur. rRNA forms ribosomes, which attach to the mRNA. tRNA carries anti-codons to the strand. Here amino acids are formed. Amino acid chains are held together by peptide bonds. Eventually the ribosome will hit the end codon and the amino acid chain is ended. The chain then takes shape to form a protein.

= Genetics Infographic =





colorblindness:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001997/

http://webaim.org/articles/visual/colorblind

http://www.flickr.com/photos/codyjamesphotography/5222159712/

http://www.365awesome.com/2010/12/crayons/

http://www.flickr.com/photos/61164342@N03/6863658767/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ishihara_9.png

http://colorvisiontesting.com/color2.htm

freckles:

http://www.factmonster.com/ipka/A0932407.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freckle

http://www.flickr.com/photos/luisotaviomachado/galleries/72157623011977860/

Vocab: http://www.earthtimes.org/encyclopaedia/environmental-issues/genetic-engineering/

=Medaka/Casper Infographic=

=Baby Diapers Lab=

In bio we did an experiment to see how absorbent baby diapers are. We took them apart layer by layer, and tested each by seeing how many mL of water they could hold. We suspected that the first layer of the diaper would not do anything and was just there for comfort. The inside layers should be for absorption and then the outside-outside layer would be for keeping water from leaking out of the diaper. So now we start out dissection! The diaper had four layers the first was the top outside which had cotton like texture. It did not hold any water. The second and third layers were rather absorbent and felt fuzzy and flakes fell out. The two layers had sand in between and pulled apart easily. The last layer was hard and like paper. At first water sat on top but then slowly absorbed, but none leaked. It made the cotton rise and turn to jell. When all 4 layers are intact in a 2x2 inch square can hold over 50 milliliters of water. It was very wet on top and began to feel heavy. This lab proved that baby diapers are hard to disintegrate in land fills because they can hold a lot of water and would rely on other natural events to occur which may take many more years to disappear.