Mackenzie+R.

flat =About me= I'm a freshmen and I love music. I play clarinet, saxophone and piano. I'm also in choir and show choir. I'm looking forward to learn more instruments. I'm wanting to go to college for Music Education. In my spare time, I'm usually with Lindsay Brocious. We've been friends since Kindergarten. I enjoy coming to school. My favorite subject would have to be Geometry (even though I don't understand it all of the time). In conclusion, I love music, hanging out with Lindsay and learning more in Geometry class.

=Elm= The scientific name of the Elm Tree is //Ulmus americana L.// The Elm Tree is also related to the Dutch Elm Tree. This tree is deciduous. The Elm Tree leaves are simple, alternate, and coarsely toothed. The twigs on the tree are slender and brown. They are also zigzagged and slightly hairy. Flowers and fruit are also found on this tree. The bark is dark gray to gray-brown and is separated by diamond-shaped fissures on older trees. The Elm Tree is used for the manufacture of boxes, barrels and furniture. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elm

=Hornbeam= The scientific name of the Hornbeam is //Carpinus caroliniana.// This tree is also related to the European, Sawa, Farges', Japanese, Aka-Shide, and Oriental Hornbeams. The Hornbeam is a deciduous tree. The Hornbeam's leaves are alternate, simple and serrated. This tree has a smooth bark and resembles the Beech Trees in many ways. It also has nut that are about 3 to 6 mm. long. People use the Hornbeam trees for a small "shade tree". The trees are small enough to put in screens, hedges and patio containers. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbeam



= Biomolecules in Foods = The food that I tested was Milk. Whenever I tested milk for the presence of simple sugars, it came back negative, or absent. This means that there were no simple sugars found in milk. The presence of starch was also absent in milk. The presence of fat and protein came back positive, or present. This means that fat and protein were found in the milk. Another food that my group tested was ground beef. In their observations, ground beef was the same as milk. It's presence of simple sugars and starch were absent and the presence of fat and protein were present.



The chart above shows results from biology classes. As you can see, even if the foods are categorized the same, the results may be different. For example, bananas and apples are fruits but their biomolecules are different. A banana has presence of simple sugars, starch, and protein; however, an apple only has presence of simple sugars. Lettuce and Avocados are also the exact opposite. Lettuce has an absence of everything that was tested, while an avocado has a presence of everything that was tested. Human error may have occurred in some of these results but it still makes you realize that even the same kind of foods have different biomolecules. Milk, Egg Yolk, and Ground Beef all have the same biomolecules. They all have an absence of simple sugar and starch and presence of fats and proteins. Peas, Potatoes, and Cannelini beans all have absence of simple sugars and fat and presence of starch and protein. Egg White has only one positive, while the others are absent. Liver is the opposite of Egg White. Liver has only one negative and the rest were tested positive.

Some biomolecules that were surprising to find in some foods, to me, were with the apple. It was surprising to find out that an apple didn't have presence of protein. Another surprising thing to find out was that lettuce also had an absence of protein. I always thought that it was full of protein. Also, I wasn't aware that a potato had an absence of fat and that an avocado had a presence of starch. I expected to see a presence of protein in an apple. I thought it would be existent because when you think of an apple, you think of something healthy. I would've never guessed that an apple didn't have protein. Another thing that I expected to see was an absence of simple sugars in an avocado. I thought this way because it tastes bitter and a bitter taste doesn't make me think of sweet and having sugars in it.

Based upon my research of nutritional information, some of the tests that should've been positive instead of negative were peas and lettuce. I found that peas do have a presence of sugars. In the nutritional information that I researched, it said that it had 9g of sugar. With lettuce, I found that, it has 16% protein in it. Another one I found that should've been tested positive instead of negative was

=Biomolecules Infographic=

=Food Issues Infographic=

http://commonsensehealth.com/Diet-and-Nutrition/List_of_High_Protein_Foods.shtml http://www.dietaryfiberfood.com/protein-low/Page-2.php http://lifestyle.iloveindia.com/lounge/benefits-of-halibut-6296.html http://www.health.ny.gov/diseases/conditions/diabetes/controlling_blood_sugar_importance.htm http://www.flickr.com/photos/larryhalff/470963578/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/tevirselrahc/3565249062/ http://www.drmcdougall.com/med_hot_protein_diets.html
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=Photosynthesis Infographic=

=DNA Cheek Cell Lab= Did everyone in your group have about the same extraction results? Why is this the case? How is the amount of DNA that you extracted affected by your day to day activities? In our group, we both had the same extraction results because we saw very little DNA in the test tube. The amount of DNA that we extracted affects our day to day activities because it directs the function of the cells in the body.

=DNA Summary = First, you have a double-stranded DNA molecule. This starts to bind and break apart DNA by Helicase, which is the enzyme that breaks it.

Second, Single Stranded Binding Proteins are used to make sure the strands don’t come together again.

Third, an enzyme, called Primase, binds and forms a starting point. This starting point is used for an enzyme that replicates DNA, which is called Polymerase.

Step four in the replication cycle is when Polymerase binds and replicates the DNA. When the DNA molecule is separating, there are two strands. The upper one is called the leading strand and the lower one is called the lagging strand. The lagging strand had Okazaki fragments and Ligase. Ligase is the enzyme that joins these fragments.



= DNA Infographic =

= Rubella Infographic =

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